All of us have rather a lot to be grateful for this vacation season, from the primary birthday of the beacon chain, to the profitable upgrades over the previous 12 months and the unimaginable progress throughout your entire Ethereum ecosystem.
As a extremely productive 12 months attracts to a detailed, there are a couple of remaining items to ship within the type of updates from many (15+!!) EF-supported groups which are at all times working to enhance the community. And there is a lot of substantive materials right here, so take a while to kind via the desk of contents, and dig in!
As at all times, this roundup collection focuses on EF-supported groups whose members are working to develop and enhance Ethereum as an entire. Included on this version are updates from many groups highlighted in the earlier report, and different new and rotating teams.
Get pleasure from! 🦄
Consensus R&D (aka EF Analysis Staff)
Authored by Hsiao-Wei Wang
Within the second half of this 12 months, the milestones in Ethereum consensus R&D included:
To align with The Nice Renaming, we shifted parts to “Consensus Layer” from “Eth2” for clearer communication in the long run.
In early 2022, our workforce will concentrate on serving to to ship the “The Merge”, probably the most important consensus protocol improve ever. Fortuitously, we now have nice assist from shopper groups, and others in the neighborhood working to make this a actuality! Within the meantime, we will probably be persevering with our analysis work on information availability, L1 scaling, and the options of the “clear up” fork after The Merge.
Ecosystem Assist Program
Authored by ESP Staff
We printed our Q2 Allocation Replace with grants totalling $7,794,000 for the quarter – and Q3 is coming quickly! You can even try latest month-to-month roundups right here and right here for extra detailed progress updates from a couple of of our fabulous grantees.
Behind the scenes, we’re engaged on a significant web site overhaul which ought to make it simpler than ever to grasp ESP’s mission and priorities, and for eligible builders to use for funding or different assist. We are able to’t wait to launch the brand new web site in early 2022!
Ethereum.org
Authored by Sam Richards
To make our work extra accessible and to foster extra group collaboration, our workforce publishes an summary of our quarterly roadmap objectives. See our This autumn product roadmap right here.
Glad holidays to all from the ethereum.org workforce 😀🎄 As at all times, our imaginative and prescient with ethereum.org is to create one of the best portal for Ethereum’s rising group and to function the entrance door to Ethereum for hundreds of thousands of latest guests every month.
Content material updates
Ethereum strikes quick! In addition to updating tons of of pages to make sure our content material stays updated and correct, we’ve additionally launched a bunch of latest content material:
Ethereum.org exists because of tons of of content material and code contributors from the group. In Q3/This autumn, we put emphasis on methods to extend contributions and acknowledge the group for the work they had been doing:
Some stats (Aug – Dec)
- Our GitHub contributors elevated by 57%, from 396 to 621 😲
- Our Discord group practically doubled, from 6,500 to 12,200 members 🎉
- We’ve hosted two group calls and began office-hours for contributors
- We added 3 new group guides (trusted members answering questions and moderating chat) 😎
- We launched tiered POAPs to gamify contributions for content material, code, and translations
Translation Program
Since hiring our new Translation Lead in July, the Translation Program has actually ramped up!
Some stats:
- Between July and November, the group collectively translated 1,373,046 phrases for ethereum.org, over 10x the quantity of this identical interval final 12 months! To place this in perspective, that is equal to translating the whole lot of just about 20 books 📚!
- We have acquired translation assist from over 2,500 group contributors 🤯
- Now we have 37 languages stay on ethereum.org 🌍
- We launched an initiative to raised acknowledge our translators, together with a leaderboard and translator certificates!
CLR funding
We’re supporting a clr.fund spherical on Layer 2! After over 6 months of contributing to clr.fund’s quadratic funding stack, we have merged our adjustments to the upstream repo, which provides L2 community assist and quite a lot of internet app enhancements.
clr.fund plans to deploy a funding spherical on Arbitrum One geared in direction of the staking ecosystem in January, and the EF is worked up to supply matching funds to the spherical. We hope you take part! Keep tuned for particulars. Yay public items!
We have been constructing on the shoulders of giants. Thanks to the clr.fund workforce, the MACI workforce & clr.fund’s group of contributors who proceed to push improvements within the ZKP & quadratic funding area.
What’s subsequent?
- making a studying hub to permit non-technical customers to grow to be proficient Ethereum customers
- constructing extra assets on working nodes and staking to enhance accessibility
- additional automating our translation pipeline to launch translated content material out quicker
- increasing the Translation Program past ethereum.org
- updating content material to transition away from the Eth2 terminology because the merge approaches
How does that sound?
We recognize suggestions on our roadmap. Our guiding rules are based mostly on delivering probably the most worth within the shortest time, so if there’s one thing you assume we must always work on, please tell us! We welcome concepts and contributions from anybody in the neighborhood.
Ipsilon
Authored by Alex Beregszaszi
Now we have created a workforce web site to offer a transparent explainer and to comprehensively listing our present and previous work.
It’s straightforward to inform from the next headers that within the second half of the 12 months the workforce largely centered on the EVM. It’s additionally vital to say that we now have teamed up with the Geth Staff to enhance the efficiency of the EVM interpreter.
EVM Object Format (EOF)
Step one in direction of this, EIP-3541, went stay with London and we now have carried out a survey throughout many testnets and EVM chains to discover a becoming prefix for EOF.
Continued clarifications had been made to EIP-3540 (together with the chosen prefix), and we additionally proposed additional work constructing on prime of it:
- EIP-3670 to introduce code validation at deploy time
- EIP-3690 to switch JUMPDEST opcodes with a JUMPDEST-table
- EIP-4200 to introduce two new opcodes, RJUMP and RJUMPI, facilitating static jumps
Throughout October we offered EOF at Liscon (slides right here, however the recording just isn’t out there) and on the Ethereum Meetup in Berlin (slides, recording).
Different EIPs
EIP-2681 (Restrict account nonce to 2^64-1)
One in all our outdated proposals, EIP-2681, was accepted throughout ACD#120. It codifies a restriction, which was already (partially) applied in follow in most shoppers. After acceptance we now have prolonged the Ethereum State Exams suite and adjusted the geth implementation.
EIP-3855 (PUSH0 instruction)
EIP-3855 proposes to introduce a PUSH0 instruction which pushes 0 onto the stack. This can be a steadily used characteristic, largely completed right this moment through inefficient or repurposed directions.
Our evaluation discovered that substantial assets might have been saved with this opcode:
To place the “waste” into perspective, throughout current accounts 340,557,331 bytes are wasted on PUSH1 00 directions, which implies 68,111,466,200 fuel was spent to deploy them.
EIP-3860 (Restrict and meter initcode)
EIP-3860 is a proposal to set a boundary and introduce metering for initcode. This could permit for extra optimised evaluation and execution, as a result of implementations would wish to cope with much less unknowns.
geth
As a collaboration with the Geth Staff, we began to work on measuring and enhancing the efficiency of the EVM interpreter in geth.
On the evaluation aspect two studies are noteworthy:
- Geth vs evmone compares the velocity of Geth and evmone utilizing the benchmarking suite in evmone.
- Geth & Go compiler explores the impact of the Go compiler model on the velocity of geth.
Based mostly on these preliminary outcomes, we now have regarded into profiling geth, and at last contributing a number of enhancements to the codebase, most of which has been already merged. A non-comprehensive listing of related PRs: 23952, 23970, 23974, 23977, 24017, 24026, 24031, 24120.
Comply with this hyperlink to see each PR. We plan to proceed this work within the subsequent quarter.
evmone
Two bugfix releases of evmone had been made: 0.8.1 and 0.8.2.
ethash
The workforce additionally maintains a C++ ethash/keccak256 library, which is utilized by evmone and Silkworm.
The newest 0.8.0 launch introduces a brand new methodology for verifying the ultimate Ethash hashes in opposition to the block problem. That is each a usability and velocity enchancment. The strategy has been posted on Ethresear.ch.
Moreover, ProgPoW has been deprecated within the library.
Fizzy
The workforce additionally participated within the Wasm in Web3 convention throughout September. We gave two displays:
- Fizzy — A deterministic interpreter (slides) gave a complete overview of what Fizzy is, the way it compares to different engines, and likewise explains the reasoning behind lots of the design decisions we made.
- Bizarre quirks whereas testing WebAssembly reveals a wide variety of edge instances we now have encountered whereas creating Fizzy. The speak additionally provides some potential options and explainers for these edge instances, in addition to how we now have prolonged the official WebAssembly check suite to cowl them.
Formal Verification
Authored by Leo Alt
Within the second half of the 12 months the FV workforce continued to concentrate on our current instruments:
Act:
- We lastly launched Act 0.1! You may learn the wonderful tutorial at https://fv.ethereum.org/2021/08/31/act-0.1/ to examine what’s attainable at the moment and how you can use it.
- We’re at the moment refactoring error dealing with to enhance usability.
Hevm:
SMTChecker:
- Observe the balances of contracts exactly, together with msg.worth despatched to and from the analyzed contracts.
- Additionally assist the low-level name perform as an unsafe exterior name.
- Enhance counterexamples by reporting block.*, msg.* and tx.* values which are vital for failed verification targets.
- Report contract and reentrancy inductive invariants again to the consumer.
Geth
Authored by Felix Lange
Within the second half of 2021, we printed 9 geth releases. As common, our time has been cut up between EIP evaluate/implementation, shopper optimization/upkeep and reviewing code adjustments proposed by the group.
In July, the London exhausting fork, which included EIP-1559, was activated. The brand new fuel pricing scheme outlined by this EIP required many adjustments throughout all subsystems of geth. We’re nonetheless discovering and fixing corner-case points associated to EIP-1559 now, six months after its introduction.
Two safety vulnerabilities had been found up to now six months. For each of them, we adopted our safety advisory coverage: we instantly assigned a CVE quantity to the difficulty and printed a hotfix launch. Technical particulars in regards to the vulnerability had been printed 6-8 weeks later.
Within the final quarter of 2021, our work has largely shifted in direction of implementation and testing of The Merge. We’re on observe to show geth into the ‘execution layer shopper’ of the merged execution+consensus (fmr. “eth1+eth2”) layers. In preparation for The Merge, we now have re-written a lot of the sync code to function beneath management of the consensus layer. Geth additionally participates in Merge testnets.
Moreover, the geth workforce has been engaged on a number of long-term tasks, corresponding to implementation of Verkle Bushes, a beacon chain gentle shopper, and a brand new database storage scheme for the Ethereum state.
Javascript Staff
Authored by Holger Drewes
Within the final two quarters of 2021, preparations for “the large transitions” on the Ethereum community was a robust focus of our work. We participated within the Merge Interop in Greece and launched the primary Merge-testnet prepared variations of our shopper, VM and associated libraries (see e.g. the EthereumJS shopper v0.2 launch). We additionally began on an thrilling experiment with the Go-Ethereum Verkle/Stateless workforce to natively check stateless block execution based mostly on a verkle proof served alongside a modified block header through devp2p inside our shopper. In case you are you may see the next monitoring problem to look at our progress.
A bit extra relevant for the tip consumer proper now: the assist of our libraries for the rising L2 networks like Polygon, Arbitrum or Optimism has been improved. These and another networks can now straight be referenced to e.g. ship a transaction to a sure L2 community. See e.g. the Frequent v2.6.0 launch for the newest Optimism L2 community integration.
And final however not least: there’s a VM ArrowGlacier launch out there and on the Ethers.js entrance. Richard has simply posted an thrilling overview on the upcoming Ethers.js v6 library adjustments and updates on his weblog.
Privateness & Scaling Explorations
Authored by Thore Hildebrandt
The Privateness & Scaling Explorations workforce works to bridge the hole between cutting-edge analysis in zero-knowledge proofs, and software improvement on Ethereum.
zkEVM
The objective of zkEVM is to run sensible contracts in a zk-rollup. Sadly, the EVM was not designed to run in a zk circuit which makes it a problem. We wish to implement the total set of EVM opcodes straight into the zk circuits so a wise contract working on L1 will be deployed to L2 with minimal modifications. It will permit full compatibility with current tooling and allow us to leverage information of the EVM that the ecosystem has constructed up over the previous years. We’re making good progress on specification of the opcodes and implementation of the circuits, and we now have early benchmarks and an vital objective going ahead to convey prover time down.
ZKOPRU
ZKOPRU (zk-optimistic-rollup) is a layer-2 scaling answer for personal transactions utilizing zk-SNARK and optimistic rollup. It helps non-public transfers and personal atomic swaps throughout the layer-2 community between ETH, ERC20 and ERC721. It additionally gives prompt withdrawal with pay-in-advance options and compliance compatibility utilizing spending key and viewing keys. ZKOPRU has just lately launched on testnet – go forward and test it out. We’re engaged on enhancing sync-times and on a non-public trade characteristic.
Unirep & Unirep Social
UniRep is a non-public and non-repudiable status system. Customers can obtain constructive and destructive status from attesters, and voluntarily show that they’ve at the very least a certain quantity of status with out revealing the precise quantity. Furthermore, customers can not refuse to obtain status from an attester. We’re utilizing Unirep to construct Unirep Social: a Reddit-like platform that enables customers to privately accumulate karma. Constructing the Unirep Social web site was our focus up to now months. Proofs in Unirep are actually listed in order that they are often referred many occasions and forestall one proof from being submitted twice. Unirep can now deal with an preliminary status airdrop and consumer state transition airdrop. We’re additionally enhancing the effectivity in producing consumer state and Unirep state.
Primary features, frontend design, frontend and backend of Unirep Social are full, and we’re planning a closed pre-alpha launch. Take a look at this blogpost if you wish to study extra.
CLR.fund for Everybody
The objective of the undertaking is to make it straightforward for any group to run their very own CLR spherical with clr.fund. This undertaking has been very busy. Now you can deploy your personal quadratic funding software with the clr.fund Deployer. Empower your group to decide on and fund its personal future, in a totally decentralized method. Take a look at our Subgraph and Documentation.
InterRep
Fame is the important thing to belief. Folks spend years increase their status on centralized social platforms, however they’ve to start out from nothing every time they begin utilizing a brand new app. InterRep goals to make status transportable to increase the compounding advantages of trusted human interactions throughout the net. Take a look at this blogpost for the preliminary announcement and the repo. Up to now quarter we now have expanded the vary of social proof sources, to POAP and e-mail and have curated teams: on-chain, and off-chain through a Telegram bot. We’re doing a UI redesign, enhancing interplay with shopper purposes and getting ready for a stay launch.
Semaphore / ZK-Keeper
Semaphore is a zero-knowledge gadget which permits customers to show their membership of a set with out revealing their unique id. On the identical time, it permits customers to sign their endorsement of an arbitrary string. It’s designed to be a easy and generic privateness layer for Ethereum dApps. Use instances embrace non-public voting, whistleblowing, mixers, and nameless authentication. With ZK-Keeper we’re focussing on holding Semaphore updated with the newest zk instruments and integrating it with different tasks like InterRep. Now we have new libs for dealing with semaphore proofs and identities. Implementation is now achieved on prime of Halo2 and we’re getting it prepared for use within the browser.
RLN
RLN (Charge Limiting Nullifier) is a assemble based mostly on zero-knowledge proofs that allows spam prevention for decentralized, nameless environments. In nameless environments, the id of the entities is unknown. Now we have just lately printed an explanatory weblog publish to get extra individuals excited in regards to the concept. Now we have completed analysis round “Feasibility evaluation for ETH2 Validator privateness utilizing RLN”. We’re engaged on productionalizing the “Personal prompt chat app utilizing RLN and Interrep” undertaking. We’re additionally serving to to combine the ZK-Keeper plugin into the RLN tasks.
Protocol Assist
Authored by Tim Beiko
The Protocol Assist (PS) workforce was fashioned in 2021 to develop the variety of methods during which the groups constructing or interacting with the Ethereum base layer are supported. The workforce’s most important focus is enabling core builders to ship community upgrades on Ethereum’s execution layer.
To this impact, Berlin, London and Arrow Glacier had been deployed this 12 months. Past these, PS spent important efforts working in direction of The Merge, first with Rayonism, then the Amphora workshop and now the Kintsugi Devnet!
This accelerating tempo and scope of change has required extra outreach to the Ethereum group, which led our workforce to arrange frequent Neighborhood Calls. Throughout these, software, infrastructure and tooling builders had been invited to debate how you can greatest assist protocol upgrades and supply a easy transition for his or her customers. Alongside these calls, the workforce has given a number of talks and printed a number of posts in regards to the altering Ethereum roadmap, corresponding to this latest all core devs replace, this piece in Bankless and this latest publish on the Merge and the applying layer within the EF Weblog.
Past protocol upgrades, the PS workforce has taken on two main initiatives to make sure shoppers groups are properly supported. First, a Shopper Incentive Program was introduced to present groups Ethereum-aligned long-term incentives. This system gives shopper groups with a set of 144 validators that they need to run utilizing their software program. Assuming groups maintain assembly sure efficiency benchmarks on mainnet, these validators are steadily vested to the groups, that are free to both liquidate them or maintain them working to gather rewards and charges. This program aligns groups with Ethereum, ensures they’re “dogfooding” their shoppers on mainnet, and that they maintain delivering performant software program.
Second, a Core Developer Apprenticeship Program was launched. This program offered stipends and mentorship to self-directed people who wished to dive deep into protocol improvement. CDAP was launched as an experiment which proved to be extremely profitable! Two cohorts had been run, with over 25 members. Of those, at the very least 5 are actually working full time within the ecosystem. These preliminary cohorts have taught us rather a lot about what was good and what might be improved with this system. Count on a revamped CDAP in 2022!
Lastly, the workforce experimented with offering infrastructure to the shopper groups and broader group. To that finish, crawler.ethereum.org was shipped and open-sourced. We hope that having an extra crawler working and out there for the group to enhance, modify or fork helps present higher views of the community’s topology.
Remix
Authored by Rob Stupay
Over the previous 6 months, the Remix workforce has unscrewed the again of our app to do some in depth rewiring. First amongst these adjustments was continued work on transferring our code to React. We additionally expanded our attain by dialing in some efficient channels to new communities, and onboarding new customers with a primary product “tour” of our IDE. We’ve plugged in tasks into our “expertise”, integrating Slither, and Hardhat, in addition to updating the Remix VSCode extension.
And, if that’s not sufficient, we jammed on some instruments for collaborative coding, enhancing Decentralized GIT and integrating Github. Final however not least, we’ve up to date our current plugins. Briefly, we’ve maxed it out to 11.
See extra particulars in our article.
Strong Incentives Group
Authored by Barnabe Monnot
The RIG (Strong Incentives Group) welcomed new workforce members and took part in lots of vital milestones for the Ethereum protocol. For a fast refresher on what the RIG is and what we care about, you may try Protocol cryptoeconomics with the RIG, offered by Barnabé at EthCC in July.
On the Proof-of-Stake consensus aspect, Caspar, who joined us as full-time analysis scientist earlier this 12 months, discovered a difficulty with the present fork alternative, written up as Three assaults on Proof-of-Stake Ethereum. Fortuitously, there’s a sturdy candidate repair that was just lately merged within the consensus specs, after many productive discussions with Stanford’s Tse Lab, who co-authored the “Three assaults” paper. Caspar and others additionally proposed a distinct mitigation (“proposer view merge“), that’s nonetheless beneath analysis. Take a look at Caspar at Liscon presenting his outcomes!
Shyam, who joined us first as analysis intern final summer season and is now a analysis assistant on the RIG, launched a collection of notebooks exploring the beacon chain statistics from many distinctive angles, together with oceanic video games and inequality. Shyam has additionally been engaged on an extension to our Beacon runner PoS simulation engine that features reinforcement studying. Take a look at his speak at EDCON!
Block 12,965,000, August fifth, 12:33:42 PM UTC, was an vital date for us: the London exhausting fork activated, and with it, EIP-1559. During the last 12 months, we have launched a collection of notebooks presenting numerous simulations of the brand new price market mechanism, which set the stage for additional evaluation after launch. Barnabé reported some outcomes early after, and with co-authors (together with Shyam) wrote up a longer-form paper, Transaction Charges on a Honeymoon: Ethereum’s EIP-1559 One Month Later. The paper is motivated by the behaviour of the 1559 replace rule in the true world, and opens new analysis instructions for enhancements to the rule.
The RIG was additionally carefully working with the cadCAD Edu workforce in getting ready an internet masterclass in validator economics, supported by a totally extensible mannequin of Ethereum economics (in Python).
Snake Charmers [Python Ecosystem]
Authored by Keri Clowes
Within the second half of 2021, the Snake Charmers workforce accomplished the adjustments wanted throughout the ecosystem to assist the London exhausting fork. This concerned wide-ranging, elementary adjustments all through our stack, particularly in Py-EVM, Ethereum Tester, Web3.py, and eth-account. There have been additionally two bug bounties submitted for Py-EVM which have been mounted. We’ve ramped up efforts to generate academic content material, and positioned a much bigger emphasis on developer relations. And as at all times, there’s ongoing group assist, problem triage, and bug squashing throughout our Python instruments.
Fe-lang
Authored by Grant Wuerker
Over the previous 6 months, the Fe workforce has reduce the next releases:
0.11.0-alpha “Karlite” (2021-12-02)
- multi-file assist
- perform definitions on structs
v0.10.0-alpha “Jade” (2021-10-32)
- module-level constants and features
- unsafe assist
v0.9.0-alpha “Iridium” (2021-9-29)
- self declarations in perform signatures
v0.8.0-alpha “Haxonite” (2021-8-31)
- query-based evaluation utilizing Salsa
0.7.0-alpha “Galaxite” (2021-07-27)
- Solidity ABI decoding checks
0.6.0-alpha “Feldspar” (2021-06-10)
If you need to know extra about our progress over the past 6 months, you may checkout the next assets:
Portal
Authored by Piper Merriam
This 12 months has been a giant 12 months for the Portal Community. We began this 12 months with an concept and solely a unfastened plan for how you can construct a peer-to-peer community that would ship light-weight entry to the Ethereum protocol. We now have three impartial groups and implementations and are properly underway to launching the preliminary testnet which ought to evolve into a totally useful community by the tip of 2022.
The EF Portal workforce has been working exhausting on Trin, a portal shopper written in Rust. The EF Javascript workforce has additionally been engaged on Ultralight, a portal shopper written in Typescript geared toward being runnable within the browser. The workforce from Standing.im has additionally been engaged on Fluffy, a portal shopper supposed for integration with the Standing ethereum shopper and pockets options.
Throughout this 12 months we now have solved the beforehand unsolved drawback of how you can distribute the present Ethereum State in a way that’s conducive to environment friendly storage and retrieval. We established the Portal Wire Protocol, an extensible base protocol that’s the basis of all the networks making up the Portal Community. We additionally had the pleasure of working with a number of members of the Core Developer Apprenticeship Program who used the Portal Community tasks as a leaping off level for stepping into Core Protocol improvement.
Safety [Security / Consensus Tests]
Authored by Safety (Safety / Consensus Exams) Staff
On the safety and testing aspect, a whole lot of consideration has been given to the London improve and the upcoming merge. We’ve made updates on tooling for check authoring and continued to enhance the reference checks.
Solidity
Authored by Franziska Heintel
Within the second half of this 12 months, we launched Solidity variations 0.8.8, 0.8.9, 0.8.10 and 0.8.11:
- Solidity 0.8.8 brings you consumer outlined worth sorts as a significant new characteristic. It additionally improves overriding interface features, studying from immutables, and extra.
- Solidity 0.8.9 is a pure bugfix launch and fixes two vital, however low severity, bugs:
- Solidity 0.8.10 accommodates exterior perform name optimizations, permits the brand new EVM code generator for pure Yul mode and may report contract invariants and reentrancy properties via the SMTChecker.
- Solidity 0.8.11 provides a primary implementation of a Language Server and permits a safer approach to carry out ABI-encoding.
Furthermore, a number of Solidity workforce members offered at ETHGlobal’s Developer Instrument Summit:
The Solidity documentation received a couple of upgrades, most notably, we…
- up to date the assets part with normal assets, Ethereum IDEs, editor integrations, Solidity instruments, Solidity parsers and grammars.
- added the performance to open code examples within the documentation straight in Remix.
Lastly, we launched our yearly Solidity Developer Survey. In case you are a Solidity developer, please take 10 minutes to share your suggestions and participate within the survey right here. The survey will probably be open till thirty first of December 2021.
Oh and we’re hiring! Take a look at our C++ Engineer Solidity opening.
ZoKrates
Authored by Thibaut Schaeffer
Within the second half of 2021, ZoKrates superior on totally different fronts:
Language
- Sort aliasing, in addition to the flexibility to make perform calls in fixed definitions
- Assist for the ternary expression syntax
- Allow fixed generics on structs
Proof programs
- Discount of the deployment value for some Solidity verifiers
- Expose recursive verification in the usual library
- Add assist for Groth16 MPC ceremonies (coming quickly)
Compiler efficiency
- In depth work on decreasing reminiscence and time necessities of the compiler (coming quickly with metrics!)
For a full listing of the adjustments, try the changelog
